The authors assess and compare preferred interpersonal distances over 42 countries. Environmental and sociopsychological factors are tested in order to explain variability in interpersonal distance across cultures. The authors seek to go beyond previous studies and better understand cultural differences and similarities in proxemic behaviors.

The authors assess and compare preferred interpersonal distances over 42 countries. Environmental and sociopsychological factors are tested in order to explain variability in interpersonal distance across cultures. The authors seek to go beyond previous studies and better understand cultural differences and similarities in proxemic behaviors.

The authors assess and compare preferred interpersonal distances over 42 countries. Environmental and sociopsychological factors are tested in order to explain variability in interpersonal distance across cultures. The authors seek to go beyond previous studies and better understand cultural differences and similarities in proxemic behaviors.

This article asks about the types of friendships people prefer across cultures, focusing on closeness and endurance. The authors hypothesize that people generally favor close and enduring friendships, especially when seeking support and social input, while those with self-serving or mate-seeking goals may prefer casual and convenient ones. Using data from 6,224 participants across 12 countries, they find that most people prefer close and enduring friendships, and that preferences largely align with actual friendships. Results also show small but significant effects of Dark Triad traits—particularly Machiavellianism—on friendship preferences. The conclusion is that friendship preferences are broadly consistent across cultures but shaped by individual goals and personality.

This article asks about the types of friendships people prefer across cultures, focusing on closeness and endurance. The authors hypothesize that people generally favor close and enduring friendships, especially when seeking support and social input, while those with self-serving or mate-seeking goals may prefer casual and convenient ones. Using data from 6,224 participants across 12 countries, they find that most people prefer close and enduring friendships, and that preferences largely align with actual friendships. Results also show small but significant effects of Dark Triad traits—particularly Machiavellianism—on friendship preferences. The conclusion is that friendship preferences are broadly consistent across cultures but shaped by individual goals and personality.

This article asks about the types of friendships people prefer across cultures, focusing on closeness and endurance. The authors hypothesize that people generally favor close and enduring friendships, especially when seeking support and social input, while those with self-serving or mate-seeking goals may prefer casual and convenient ones. Using data from 6,224 participants across 12 countries, they find that most people prefer close and enduring friendships, and that preferences largely align with actual friendships. Results also show small but significant effects of Dark Triad traits—particularly Machiavellianism—on friendship preferences. The conclusion is that friendship preferences are broadly consistent across cultures but shaped by individual goals and personality.

This article asks about the types of friendships people prefer across cultures, focusing on closeness and endurance. The authors hypothesize that people generally favor close and enduring friendships, especially when seeking support and social input, while those with self-serving or mate-seeking goals may prefer casual and convenient ones. Using data from 6,224 participants across 12 countries, they find that most people prefer close and enduring friendships, and that preferences largely align with actual friendships. Results also show small but significant effects of Dark Triad traits—particularly Machiavellianism—on friendship preferences. The conclusion is that friendship preferences are broadly consistent across cultures but shaped by individual goals and personality.

This article asks about the types of friendships people prefer across cultures, focusing on closeness and endurance. The authors hypothesize that people generally favor close and enduring friendships, especially when seeking support and social input, while those with self-serving or mate-seeking goals may prefer casual and convenient ones. Using data from 6,224 participants across 12 countries, they find that most people prefer close and enduring friendships, and that preferences largely align with actual friendships. Results also show small but significant effects of Dark Triad traits—particularly Machiavellianism—on friendship preferences. The conclusion is that friendship preferences are broadly consistent across cultures but shaped by individual goals and personality.

This article asks about the types of friendships people prefer across cultures, focusing on closeness and endurance. The authors hypothesize that people generally favor close and enduring friendships, especially when seeking support and social input, while those with self-serving or mate-seeking goals may prefer casual and convenient ones. Using data from 6,224 participants across 12 countries, they find that most people prefer close and enduring friendships, and that preferences largely align with actual friendships. Results also show small but significant effects of Dark Triad traits—particularly Machiavellianism—on friendship preferences. The conclusion is that friendship preferences are broadly consistent across cultures but shaped by individual goals and personality.

This article asks about the types of friendships people prefer across cultures, focusing on closeness and endurance. The authors hypothesize that people generally favor close and enduring friendships, especially when seeking support and social input, while those with self-serving or mate-seeking goals may prefer casual and convenient ones. Using data from 6,224 participants across 12 countries, they find that most people prefer close and enduring friendships, and that preferences largely align with actual friendships. Results also show small but significant effects of Dark Triad traits—particularly Machiavellianism—on friendship preferences. The conclusion is that friendship preferences are broadly consistent across cultures but shaped by individual goals and personality.