Communal drive hunts have been a common form of game procurement worldwide; their function and origins, however, are largely unknown. Using a human behavioral ecology perspective, this study reevaluates communal drive hunts (CDH) as a long neglected form of subsistence. Previous studies of CDHs have generally been costs and benefits analysis linked to small prey. There is a potential for data, however, there are noticeable trends outlining the larger picture of CDHs. Readers should note that this article also includes comments and responses from outside researchers and members of this study.

Communal drive hunts have been a common form of game procurement worldwide; their function and origins, however, are largely unknown. Using a human behavioral ecology perspective, this study reevaluates communal drive hunts (CDH) as a long neglected form of subsistence. Previous studies of CDHs have generally been costs and benefits analysis linked to small prey. There is a potential for data, however, there are noticeable trends outlining the larger picture of CDHs. Readers should note that this article also includes comments and responses from outside researchers and members of this study.

Communal drive hunts have been a common form of game procurement worldwide; their function and origins, however, are largely unknown. Using a human behavioral ecology perspective, this study reevaluates communal drive hunts (CDH) as a long neglected form of subsistence. Previous studies of CDHs have generally been costs and benefits analysis linked to small prey. There is a potential for data, however, there are noticeable trends outlining the larger picture of CDHs. Readers should note that this article also includes comments and responses from outside researchers and members of this study.

Communal drive hunts have been a common form of game procurement worldwide; their function and origins, however, are largely unknown. Using a human behavioral ecology perspective, this study reevaluates communal drive hunts (CDH) as a long neglected form of subsistence. Previous studies of CDHs have generally been costs and benefits analysis linked to small prey. There is a potential for data, however, there are noticeable trends outlining the larger picture of CDHs. Readers should note that this article also includes comments and responses from outside researchers and members of this study.

Prior research by Oswalt (1973, 1976) and Torrence (1983, 2001) has suggested that risk of resource failure is a significant predictor of toolkit complexity and diversity among hunter-gatherers. In this paper, the same relationship is tested among small-scale herding and farming groups. However, no significant correlation is discovered between any measure of resource risk and any measure of toolkit complexity. The researchers suggest that this absence may be the result of greater reliance on non-technological diversification methods among farmers (i.e. spatial diversification, mixed farming, intercropping), or of other unaccounted-for sources of risk (i.e. intergroup raiding and warfare).

After noticing that recent archaeological research has found evidence that women in pre-history were probably hunters, the authors use the ethnographic record from 63 foraging populations to explore the role of women in hunting. They explore what proportion of societies expect women to contribute to hunting, if women hunt, what proportion was opportunistic or intentional, whether women hunters were skilled, and whether women hunted with children.

After noticing that recent archaeological research has found evidence that women in pre-history were probably hunters, the authors use the ethnographic record from 63 foraging populations to explore the role of women in hunting. They explore what proportion of societies expect women to contribute to hunting, if women hunt, what proportion was opportunistic or intentional, whether women hunters were skilled, and whether women hunted with children.

The research examines daily food sharing norms of 73 preindustrial societies from the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample. Multilevel regression models reveal that hunting and less predictable environments are not indicative of everyday food sharing, but offer support for many other predictions. Animal husbandry, external trade, daily labor sharing, and the presence of food storage are all predictive of daily food sharing practices whereas sharing is less common amongst large and stratified societies. These results align with evolutionary theories for food sharing practices.

This study uses Bayesian phylogenetic regression modelling across 131 largely non-industrial societies to test how variation of punishment is impacted by social, economic, and political organization. The authors focus on the presence of norm violations and types of punishments, and explores their relationships. The norm violations include adultery, rape, religious violations, food violations, and war cowardice. While the types of punishment are reputational, material, physical, or education. This study suggests a hypothesis for each type of punishment in relation to socioecological variables.

This article is mainly concerned with understanding the motivators toward egalitarianism through modeling via a game that combined elements from both hawk-dove and prisoners dilemma. While most of the article is focused on this model, the researchers also tested their hypotheses cross-culturally on a sample of forager societies. In both cases, they found evidence that the benefits of cooperation drove egalitarianism.